London Underground Wikipedia. The London Underground also known simply as the Underground, or by its nickname the Tube is a public rapid transit system serving London and some parts of the adjacent counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom. The worlds first underground railway, the Metropolitan Railway, which opened in 1. Circle, Hammersmith City and Metropolitan lines the first line to operate underground electric traction trains, the City South London Railway in 1. Red Ring Font Free Download' title='Red Ring Font Free Download' />Scots Words Alt. Scots Words English Meanings boon above bout about daurknin darkeningtwilight ee lang live long fore before mang among midst. Build a powerful, secure ecommerce storefront with our Online Store Software. Sell, promote, and grow with the 1ShoppingCart. Online Store Builder. Northern line. The network has expanded to 1. The 1. 1 lines collectively handle approximately 4. The systems first tunnels were built just below the surface, using the cut and cover method later, smaller, roughly circular tunnels which gave rise to its nickname, the Tube were dug through at a deeper level. The system has 2. Despite its name, only 4. London being on the surface. In addition, the Underground does not cover most southern parts of Greater London, with less than 1. River Thames. 9The early tube lines, originally owned by several private companies, were brought together under the Undergroun. D brand in the early 2. The Royal Worcester Group Game Series. London Transport under the control of the London Passenger Transport Board LPTB. The current operator, London Underground Limited LUL, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Transport for London Tf. L, the statutory corporation responsible for the transport network in Greater London. As of 2. 01. 5update, 9. Elements Of Argument A Text And Reader 10Th Edition Pdf. The Travelcard ticket was introduced in 1. Oyster, a contactless ticketing system, in 2. Contactless card payments were introduced in 2. The LPTB was a prominent patron of art and design, commissioning many new station buildings, posters and public artworks in a modernist style. The schematic Tube map, designed by Harry Beck in 1. Tf. L transport systems such as the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground and Tf. L Rail. Other famous London Underground branding includes the roundel and Johnston typeface, created by Edward Johnston in 1. HistoryeditEarly yearsedit. The Metropolitan Railway opened using GWR broad gauge locomotives. The idea of an underground railway linking the City of London with some of the railway termini in its urban centre was proposed in the 1. Metropolitan Railway was granted permission to build such a line in 1. To prepare construction, a short test tunnel was built in 1. Kibblesworth, a small town with geological properties similar to London. This test tunnel was used for two years in the development of the first underground train, and was later, in 1. The worlds first underground railway, it opened in January 1. Paddington and Farringdon using gas lit wooden carriages hauled by steam locomotives. It was hailed as a success, carrying 3. The Metropolitan District Railway commonly known as the District Railway opened in December 1. South Kensington to Westminster as part of a plan for an underground inner circle connecting Londons main line termini. The Metropolitan and District railways completed the Circle line in 1. Both railways expanded, the District building five branches to the west reaching Ealing, Hounslow,Uxbridge,Richmond and Wimbledon and the Metropolitan eventually extended as far as Verney Junction in Buckinghamshire, more than 5. Baker Street and the centre of London. For the first deep level tube line, the City and South London Railway, two 1. King William Street close to todays Monument station and Stockwell, under the roads to avoid the need for agreement with owners of property on the surface. This opened in 1. The Waterloo and City Railway opened in 1. Central London Railway in 1. These two ran electric trains in circular tunnels having diameters between 1. Great Northern and City Railway, which opened in 1. Finsbury Park to a Moorgate terminus in the City and had 1. In the early 2. 0th century, the District and Metropolitan railways needed to electrify and a joint committee recommended an AC system, the two companies co operating because of the shared ownership of the inner circle. The District, needing to raise the finance necessary, found an investor in the American Charles Yerkes who favoured a DC system similar to that in use on the City South London and Central London railways. The Metropolitan Railway protested about the change of plan, but after arbitration by the Board of Trade, the DC system was adopted. The Underground Electric Railways Company yearsedit. Passengers wait to board a tube train in the early 1. Windows Media Player Series 11 For Vista Home Premium. Yerkes soon had control of the District Railway and established the Underground Electric Railways Company of London UERL in 1. Baker Street and Waterloo Railway Bakerloo, the Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway Hampstead and the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway, Piccadilly, which all opened between 1. When the Bakerloo was so named in July 1. The Railway Magazine called it an undignified gutter title. By 1. 90. 7 the District and Metropolitan Railways had electrified the underground sections of their lines. In January 1. 91. UERL acquired the Central London Railway and the City South London Railway, as well as many of Londons bus and tram operators. Only the Metropolitan Railway, along with its subsidiaries the Great Northern City Railway and the East London Railway, and the Waterloo City Railway, by then owned by the main line London and South Western Railway, remained outside of the Underground Groups control. A joint marketing agreement between most of the companies in the early years of the 2. UNDERGROUND signs outside stations in Central London. The Bakerloo line was extended north to Queens Park to join a new electric line from Euston to Watford, but World War I delayed construction and trains reached Watford Junction in 1. During air raids in 1. An extension of the Central line west to Ealing was also delayed by the war and completed in 1. After the war government backed financial guarantees were used to expand the network and the tunnels of the City and South London and Hampstead railways were linked at Euston and Kennington, although the combined service was not named the Northern line until later. The Metropolitan promoted housing estates near the railway with the Metro land brand and nine housing estates were built near stations on the line. Electrification was extended north from Harrow to Rickmansworth, and branches opened from Rickmansworth to Watford in 1. Wembley Park to Stanmore in 1. The Piccadilly line was extended north to Cockfosters and took over District line branches to Harrow later Uxbridge and Hounslow. The London Passenger Transport Board yearseditIn 1. Londons underground railways, tramway and bus services were merged to form the London Passenger Transport Board, which used the London Transport brand. The Waterloo City Railway, which was by then in the ownership of the main line Southern Railway, remained with its existing owners. In the same year that the London Passenger Transport Board was formed, Harry Becks diagrammatic tube map appeared for the first time. In the following years, the outlying lines of the former Metropolitan Railway closed, the Brill Tramway in 1. Quainton Road to Verney Junction in 1. The 1. 93. 54. 0 New Works Programme included the extension of the Central and Northern lines and the Bakerloo line to take over the Metropolitans Stanmore branch. World War II suspended these plans after the Bakerloo line had reached Stanmore and the Northern line High Barnet and Mill Hill East in 1. Following bombing in 1. West London Line were suspended, leaving Olympia exhibition centre without a railway service until a District line shuttle from Earls Court began after the war. After work restarted on the Central line extensions in east and west London, these were complete in 1. During the war many tube stations were used as air raid shelters. On 3 March 1. 94. Bethnal Green tube station. A total of 1. 73 people, including 6.